Merge branch '3.15' into backport-c3aefdb-3.15

Author: StanFromIreland

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -308,6 +308,12 @@ jobs:
       os: ${{ matrix.os }}
       test-opts: ${{ matrix.test-opts || '' }}
 
+  build-ubuntu-installed:
+    name: 'Ubuntu (installed)'
+    needs: build-context
+    if: needs.build-context.outputs.run-ubuntu == 'true'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-install.yml
+
   build-ubuntu-ssltests:
     name: 'Ubuntu SSL tests'
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
@@ -700,6 +706,7 @@ jobs:
     - build-windows-msi
     - build-macos
     - build-ubuntu
+    - build-ubuntu-installed
     - build-ubuntu-ssltests
     - build-ios
     - build-emscripten
@@ -750,6 +757,7 @@ jobs:
             !fromJSON(needs.build-context.outputs.run-ubuntu)
             && '
             build-ubuntu,
+            build-ubuntu-installed,
             build-ubuntu-ssltests,
             test-hypothesis,
             build-asan,

.github/workflows/reusable-check-html-ids.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,13 @@ jobs:
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+      - name: 'Downgrade Git'
+        # Temporarily downgrade to 2.43 until 2.55 is in the runner image,
+        # to avoid "fatal: shallow file has changed since we read it" bug.
+        # See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/151365.
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get install -y --allow-downgrades 'git=1:2.43.*' 'git-man=1:2.43.*'
+          git --version
       - name: 'Find merge base'
         id: merge-base
         run: |

.github/workflows/reusable-context.yml

@@ -94,6 +94,15 @@ jobs:
             || ''
           }}
 
+    - name: 'Downgrade Git'
+      # Temporarily downgrade to 2.43 until 2.55 is in the runner image,
+      # to avoid "fatal: shallow file has changed since we read it" bug.
+      # See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/151365.
+      if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+      run: |
+        sudo apt-get install -y --allow-downgrades 'git=1:2.43.*' 'git-man=1:2.43.*'
+        git --version
+
     # Adapted from https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/520#issuecomment-1167205721
     - name: Fetch commits to get branch diff
       if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'

.github/workflows/reusable-docs.yml

@@ -47,6 +47,14 @@ jobs:
             && github.event.pull_request.head.sha
             || ''
           }}
+    - name: 'Downgrade Git'
+      # Temporarily downgrade to 2.43 until 2.55 is in the runner image,
+      # to avoid "fatal: shallow file has changed since we read it" bug.
+      # See https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/151365.
+      if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+      run: |
+        sudo apt-get install -y --allow-downgrades 'git=1:2.43.*' 'git-man=1:2.43.*'
+        git --version
     # Adapted from https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/520#issuecomment-1167205721
     - name: 'Fetch commits to get branch diff'
       if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'

.github/workflows/reusable-install.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+name: Reusable Ubuntu (installed)
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+env:
+  FORCE_COLOR: 1
+
+jobs:
+  build-install-test:
+    name: build, install and test
+    runs-on: ubuntu-26.04-arm
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    env:
+      PYTHONSTRICTEXTENSIONBUILD: 1
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
+      with:
+        persist-credentials: false
+    - name: Register gcc problem matcher
+      run: echo "::add-matcher::.github/problem-matchers/gcc.json"
+    - name: Set install dir
+      run:
+        echo "INSTALL_DIR=$(realpath "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/../installed-python")" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run: sudo ./.github/workflows/posix-deps-apt.sh
+    - name: Configure CPython
+      run: ./configure --config-cache --prefix="$INSTALL_DIR"
+    - name: Build CPython
+      run: make -j
+    - name: Install CPython
+      run: make install
+    - name: Set installed interpreter
+      run: |
+        ldversion=$(./python -c 'import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_config_var("LDVERSION"))')
+        echo "INSTALLED_PYTHON=${INSTALL_DIR}/bin/python${ldversion}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+    - name: Display build info
+      run: |
+        "$INSTALLED_PYTHON" -m test.pythoninfo
+    - name: Test the installed Python
+      run: xvfb-run "$INSTALLED_PYTHON" -m test --fast-ci --timeout=900

Doc/c-api/arg.rst

@@ -399,13 +399,18 @@ inside nested parentheses.  They are:
    their default value --- when an optional argument is not specified,
    :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTuple` does not touch the contents of the corresponding C
    variable(s).
+   For example, the format string ``"OO|OO"`` corresponds to the Python
+   signature ``f(a, b, c=None, d=None)``.
 
 ``$``
    :c:func:`PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords` only:
    Indicates that the remaining arguments in the Python argument list are
-   keyword-only.  Currently, all keyword-only arguments must also be optional
-   arguments, so ``|`` must always be specified before ``$`` in the format
-   string.
+   keyword-only.
+   They are optional if ``|`` was specified before ``$``, and required otherwise.
+   ``|`` cannot be specified after ``$``.
+   For example, the format string ``"O|O$O"`` corresponds to the Python
+   signature ``f(a, b=None, *, c=None)``,
+   and the format string ``"OO$OO"`` corresponds to ``f(a, b, *, c, d)``.
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.3
 

Doc/c-api/frame.rst

@@ -269,29 +269,8 @@ Unless using :pep:`523`, you will not need this.
       * - .. c:macro:: PyUnstable_EXECUTABLE_KIND_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR
         - The frame corresponds to a method on a class instance.
 
-   However, Python's C API lacks a function to read the executable kind from
-   a frame. Instead, use this recipe:
-
-   .. code-block:: c
-
-      int
-      get_executable_kind(PyFrameObject *frame)
-      {
-         _PyInterpreterFrame *f = frame->f_frame;
-         PyObject *exec = PyStackRef_AsPyObjectBorrow(f->f_executable);
-
-         if (PyCode_Check(exec)) {
-            return PyUnstable_EXECUTABLE_KIND_PY_FUNCTION;
-         }
-         if (PyMethod_Check(exec)) {
-            return PyUnstable_EXECUTABLE_KIND_BUILTIN_FUNCTION;
-         }
-         if (Py_IS_TYPE(exec, &PyMethodDescr_Type)) {
-            return PyUnstable_EXECUTABLE_KIND_METHOD_DESCRIPTOR;
-         }
-
-         return PyUnstable_EXECUTABLE_KIND_SKIP;
-      }
+   Note that reading the executable kind from a frame is currently only
+   possible with undocumented internal APIs.
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.13
 

Doc/extending/extending.rst

@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ Finally it should be mentioned that Capsules offer additional functionality,
 which is especially useful for memory allocation and deallocation of the pointer
 stored in a Capsule. The details are described in the Python/C API Reference
 Manual in the section :ref:`capsules` and in the implementation of Capsules (files
-:file:`Include/pycapsule.h` and :file:`Objects/pycapsule.c` in the Python source
+:file:`Include/pycapsule.h` and :file:`Objects/capsule.c` in the Python source
 code distribution).
 
 .. rubric:: Footnotes

Doc/library/argparse.rst

@@ -1564,12 +1564,12 @@ it exits and prints the error along with a usage message::
    >>> # invalid option
    >>> parser.parse_args(['--bar'])
    usage: PROG [-h] [--foo FOO] [bar]
-   PROG: error: no such option: --bar
+   PROG: error: unrecognized arguments: --bar
 
    >>> # wrong number of arguments
    >>> parser.parse_args(['spam', 'badger'])
    usage: PROG [-h] [--foo FOO] [bar]
-   PROG: error: extra arguments found: badger
+   PROG: error: unrecognized arguments: badger
 
 
 Arguments containing ``-``
@@ -1606,7 +1606,7 @@ there are no options in the parser that look like negative numbers::
    >>> # negative number options present, so -2 is an option
    >>> parser.parse_args(['-2'])
    usage: PROG [-h] [-1 ONE] [foo]
-   PROG: error: no such option: -2
+   PROG: error: unrecognized arguments: -2
 
    >>> # negative number options present, so both -1s are options
    >>> parser.parse_args(['-1', '-1'])
@@ -1624,6 +1624,11 @@ argument::
 See also :ref:`the argparse howto on ambiguous arguments <specifying-ambiguous-arguments>`
 for more details.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 3.14
+   Negative-number matching was expanded to include numbers in scientific
+   notation (``-2.5e-6``), numbers containing underscores (``-1_234.5``),
+   and complex numbers (``-1.2e-3j``).
+
 .. _prefix-matching:
 
 Argument abbreviations (prefix matching)

Doc/library/ast.rst

@@ -806,8 +806,11 @@ Comprehensions
    List and set comprehensions, generator expressions, and dictionary
    comprehensions. ``elt`` (or ``key`` and ``value``) is a single node
    representing the part that will be evaluated for each item.
+
    For dictionary comprehensions using unpacking, for example
-   ``{**item for item in items}``, ``value`` is ``None``,
+   ``{**item for item in items}``, the expression to be expanded goes in
+   ``key`` and ``value`` is ``None``.
+
    ``generators`` is a list of :class:`comprehension` nodes.
 
    .. doctest::